Understand permissions (chmod, chown)

Read a "-rwxr-xr-x" and fix access denied errors.

1. See the permissions:

   ls -l

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2. Three blocks: owner, group, others. r = 4, w = 2, x = 1. So 7 = rwx, 6 = rw-, 5 = r-x, 4 = r--.
3. File readable by all, editable by you / executable script:

   chmod 644 fichier.txt
   chmod +x script.sh

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4. Change the owner:

   sudo chown utilisateur:groupe fichier

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5. Avoid chmod 777: it gives everyone full rights.